CAPITAL PUNISHMENT: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

AUTHOR – MR. SHIV PRATAP^{* &} MR. MOHIT MATHUR**

* STUDENT AT UNITED WORLD SCHOOL OF LAW, KARNAVATI UNIVERSITY, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT UNITED WORLD SCHOOL OF LAW, KARNAVATI UNIVERSITY, GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT

BEST CITATION – MR. SHIV PRATAP& MR. MOHIT MATHUR, CAPITAL PUNISHMENT: A COMPARATIVE STUDY, ILE MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL, 4 (1) OF 2025, PG. 956-963, APIS – 3920-0007 | ISSN – 2583-7230.

ABSTRACT

This article examines the death penalty from an international perspective, analyzing its status within the framework of international law and human rights principles. Through a comparative study of approaches in the United States, South Africa, the European Union, and India, it traces the evolving global attitude toward capital punishment. The analysis explores key international instruments such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, which have progressively established safeguards against the death penalty and contributed to its declining use worldwide. The article also examines the constitutional validity of capital punishment across different jurisdictions, highlighting how countries have arrived at divergent conclusions despite examining similar jurisprudence. It discusses the mounting international pressure on retentionist states and the growing recognition of capital punishment as a human rights concern rather than merely a domestic criminal justice issue.