A CRITICAL STUDY OF DRAVIDIAN MOVEMENT POLITICS IN TAMIL NADU AND ITS IMPACT ON RESERVATION

AUTHOR  – GOVARDHAN S, STUDENT AT  SAVEETHA SCHOOL OF LAW, SAVEETHA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL AND TECHNICAL SCIENCES (SIMATS) CHENNAI. EMAIL ID: SENTHILGOVARDHAN@GMAIL.COM

BEST CITATION – GOVARDHAN S, A CRITICAL STUDY OF DRAVIDIAN MOVEMENT POLITICS IN TAMIL NADU AND ITS IMPACT ON RESERVATION, ILE MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL, 4 (1) OF 2025, PG. 911-933, APIS – 3920-0007 | ISSN – 2583-7230.

ABSTRACT

This research paper critically examines the Dravidian movement politics in Tamil Nadu and its profound impact on the state’s reservation policies. Rooted in anti-Brahmin and anti-caste ideologies, the Dravidian movement, led by figures like E.V. Ramasamy (Periyar), has significantly shaped Tamil Nadu’s socio-political landscape by advocating for social justice, rationalism, and self-respect. The movement’s influence is notably reflected in the state’s reservation policies, which exceed the 50% ceiling set by the Supreme Court of India. This study explores the evolution of these policies from their inception with the 1921 Communal Government Order, which instituted caste-based reservations in education and government jobs, to their contemporary manifestations. The research employs an empirical method, using data collected from a sample of 200 respondents through a questionnaire. Key variables include gender, age, educational qualifications, occupation, and locality, with dependent variables focusing on awareness of the Dravidian movement, perceptions of its influence, and support for reservation policies. Findings indicate widespread awareness and support for reservations, highlighting their role in promoting social equity and addressing historical injustices. However, the study also underscores the need for a nuanced approach that balances social equity with merit to maximize the potential of all students. This paper provides valuable insights into how regional political ideologies can shape affirmative action, emphasizing the ongoing relevance of the Dravidian movement’s principles in contemporary debates on social justice and educational access in Tamil Nadu.

Keywords: Dravidian, Politics, Reservation, Discrimination, Casteism